Hoʻomaka a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Cerium Oxide
I. Nānā Huahana
Cerium oxide (CeO₂), i ʻike ʻia ʻo cerium dioxide,he oxide o ka mea ʻeleu honua laha ʻole cerium, me ka ʻeleʻele melemele a keʻokeʻo. Ma ke ʻano he ʻelele koʻikoʻi o nā pūhui honua, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka cerium oxide i ka polishing aniani, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā kaʻa, nā seramika uila, ka ikehu hou a me nā māla ʻē aʻe ma muli o kāna mau waiwai kemika a me nā waiwai catalytic. ʻO kona helu hoʻoheheʻe ma kahi o 2400 ℃, he paʻa kemika maikaʻi, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, a hiki ke noho paʻa ma lalo o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaiapuni oxidizing ikaika.
Ma ka hana ʻoihana,cerium oxideʻO ka mea maʻamau e lawe ʻia mai nā minerala i loko o ka cerium (e like me ka fluorocarbon cerium ore a me ka monazite) a loaʻa ma o ka leaching acid, extraction, precipitation, calcination a me nā kaʻina hana ʻē aʻe. E like me ka maʻemaʻe a me ka nui o ka ʻāpana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka māka polishing, ka catalytic grade, ka uila uila a me nā huahana nano-grade, ma waena o ka nano cerium oxide maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe ke kumu kumu no nā noi kiʻekiʻe.
II. Nā hiʻohiʻona huahana
Hana maikaʻi i ka poli:Cerium oxideLoaʻa iā ia ka mana polishing mechanical, hiki ke wehe koke i nā hemahema o ke aniani a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻopau ʻana.
Hiki i ka redox ikaika: ʻO ka hoʻololi hou ʻana ma waena o Ce⁴⁺ a me Ce³⁺ hāʻawi iā ia i kahi mālama oxygen kū hoʻokahi a me ka hana hoʻokuʻu, kūpono loa no nā hopena catalytic.
Paʻa kemika ikaika: ʻAʻole maʻalahi ke hana me ka hapa nui o nā waikawa a me nā kumu, a hiki ke mālama i ka hana ma lalo o nā kūlana paʻakikī.
Kūleʻa wela kiʻekiʻe: ʻO ka helu heheʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻa wela e kūpono i nā kaʻina hana wela kiʻekiʻe a me nā seramika uila.
Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka nui o ka ʻāpana huahana mai ka micron a i ka nanometer e hoʻokō i nā pono ʻoihana like ʻole.
III. Nā wahi noi nui
1. ʻO ke aniani a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana
ʻO Cerium oxide polishing pauka ka mea nui no ka hana aniani hou. Hiki i kāna hana kemika ke hoʻopau pono i nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi a hana i kahi hopena aniani. Hoʻohana nui ʻia no:
ʻO ka hoʻopololei ʻana i nā kelepona paʻa lima a me nā pale paʻi kamepiula;
ʻO ka wili pololei ʻana i nā lens optical kiʻekiʻe a me nā lens kamera;
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā pale LCD a me ke aniani TV;
ʻO ka hana ʻana i nā huahana aniani pololei a me nā aniani optical.
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea hoʻoliʻiliʻi iron oxide maʻamau, ʻo ka cerium oxide ka wikiwiki polishing wikiwiki, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻōlinolino, a me ke ola lawelawe lōʻihi.
2. ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe kaʻa
He mea nui ka Cerium oxide i loko o nā kaʻa ʻekolu ala catalysts. Hiki iā ia ke mālama maikaʻi a hoʻokuʻu i ka oxygen, ʻike i ka hoʻololi catalytic o carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) a me hydrocarbons (HC), a laila e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā kaʻa a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kūlana kūlohelohe.
3. He ikehu hou a me ka wahie
Hiki i ka Nano cerium oxide ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka conductivity a me ka lōʻihi o nā pā e like me nā mea electrolytes a i ʻole nā mea interlayer i loko o nā pūnaeau wahie oxide paʻa (SOFC). Ma ka manawa like, hōʻike pū ʻia ka cerium oxide i ka hana maikaʻi loa i nā kula o ka hydrogen catalytic decomposition a me nā mea hoʻohui pākaukau lithium-ion.
4. ʻO nā seramika uila a me nā mea hoʻohui aniani
Ma keʻano he mea waiwai nui no nā seramika uila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka cerium oxide e hana i nā capacitors, thermistors, optical filter materials, etc. Ke hoʻohui ʻia i ke aniani, hiki iā ia ke pāʻani i ka decolorization, transparency enhancement, a me ka pale UV, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka lōʻihi a me nā waiwai optical o ke aniani.
5. Nā mea hoʻonani a me nā mea pale
Hiki i nā ʻāpana Nano cerium oxide ke komo i nā kukuna ultraviolet a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā pale lā a me nā huahana mālama ʻili. Loaʻa iā lākou nā pōmaikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa inorganic a ʻaʻole maʻalahi i ka ʻili. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻohui ʻia i nā uhi ʻoihana e hoʻoikaika i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion a me nā hiki ke kū i ka wā kahiko.
6. ʻO ka hoʻomalu kaiapuni a me ka catalysis kemika
He mau noi koʻikoʻi ka Cerium oxide i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kinoea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻenehana, ka hoʻoneʻe catalytic oxidation a me nā māla ʻē aʻe. ʻO kāna hana catalytic kiʻekiʻe e hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā kaʻina hana e like me ka petroleum cracking a me ka synthesis chemical.
IV. Ke au hoʻomohala
Me ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki o ka ikehu hou, optics, ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, ke koi nocerium oxidehoʻomau i ka ulu. ʻO nā kuhikuhi hoʻomohala nui i ka wā e hiki mai ana:
Nano- a me ka hana kiʻekiʻe: hoʻomaikaʻi i ka kikoʻī kikoʻī kikoʻī a me ka hana pane o ka cerium oxide ma o nanotechnology.
'Omaomao a me ke kaiapuni polihing mea: ho'omohala ha'aha'a pollution, ki'eki'e-ho'iho'i hou pauda poli e ho'omaika'i i ka ho'ohana waiwai.
ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka māla ikaika hou: Aia kahi mākeke ākea ākea i ka ikehu hydrogen, nā wahie wahie, a me nā mea mālama ikehu.
Ka hana hou ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai: E hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana o ka honua i ka pauka polū ʻōpala a me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe e hōʻemi i ka ʻōpala waiwai.
V. Ka hopena
Ma muli o kāna hana polishing maikaʻi loa, ka hana catalytic a me ka paʻa, ua lilo ka cerium oxide i mea koʻikoʻi no ka hana aniani, ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā kaʻa, nā seramika uila a me nā ʻoihana ikehu hou. Me ka holomua o ka ʻenehana a me ka ulu ʻana o ka noi no nā ʻoihana ʻōmaʻomaʻo, e hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka noi o ka cerium oxide, a ʻaʻole palena ʻia kona waiwai mākeke a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana.