Noiʻi a me ka Hoʻohana ʻana i nā Huahana One Zirconia Hou
I ka wā e pili ana i nā mea ʻoihana, nui ka poʻe maʻamau e ʻike i ke kumuhana he mea luhi, akā he nui nā mea paʻakikī i loko.zirconia, no ka laʻana. I ka wā ma mua, ua manaʻo paha ka poʻe he mea hoʻohana wale ia no nā mea e like me nā pahi keramika a me nā niho kuʻi, kahi mea paʻakikī a ʻālohilohi. Akā no mākou e pili ana i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea a me nā noi ʻoihana, he waiwai ia. ʻO nā huahana one zirconia hou i puka mai i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻoiai, ua hoʻoponopono maoli i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi a hāʻawi i nā manaʻolana noi kupaianaha.
Hoʻomanaʻo wau i koʻu hele ʻana i kahi hōʻikeʻike ʻoihana i ʻelua makahiki i hala aku nei a kamaʻilio pū me kahi ʻenekinia loea i hana i nā mea refractory no nā makahiki he ʻumi. Ua paʻi ʻo ia i kona ʻūhā a ʻōlelo akula, "E ke kaikaina, ʻaʻole ʻoe maopopo! Ke kau nei ka ʻoihana hoʻoheheʻe i nā koi kiʻekiʻe loa i nā mea hana! Ke piʻi aʻe nei ka mahana, a ke lilo nei ke kaiapuni i mea ʻino. ʻAʻole hiki i nā mea kuʻuna ke hoʻomanawanui. E lawe i ka zirconia, no ka laʻana. Ua ʻike nā mea a pau he mea maikaʻi ia—kūpaʻa i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe a paʻa i nā kemika. Akā, ʻo ke one zirconia i hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻina hana kuʻuna, ʻaʻohe ona maʻemaʻe, ʻaʻole like ka ʻāpana, a i ʻole ka paʻa ʻole. He mea pipiʻi loa hoʻi ia, e hoʻolilo ana i mea ʻeha ke hoʻohana. I ka manawa pinepine, ua like ia me 'aia ka makemake, ʻaʻole ka hiki.'"
Ua paʻa pono ʻo ia i ke kui ma ke poʻo. ʻO kēia ka manaʻo mua o kā mākou noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke one zirconia hou—ʻaʻole anei e lanakila i kēia mau pilikia kahiko?
No laila, ma hea pololei kahi e waiho ai ka hana hou? E ʻae mai iaʻu e wehewehe.
ʻO ka mea mua, pono e loli ke "kikowaena". He pilikia ko ka zirconia ma mua: ʻaʻole paʻa kona ʻano kristal. I ka wā e loli ai ka mahana, hiki iā ia ke "hakakā" i loko, e hana ana i nā microcracks. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua emi ka hana. ʻO kā mākou ala hou e pili ana i nā hoʻoponopono nui i ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me ka hana ʻana. Ma ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā mea hoʻopaʻa hou aʻe, e like me ka yttrium, i hui pū ʻia me ka sintering wela kiʻekiʻe loa a me nā ʻano hana kuʻi a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, ua hoʻokō mākou i kēia huahana kupaianaha: "zirconia paʻa hapa." I kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe, ua like ia me ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi "iwi kila" i loko o nā ʻāpana zirconia, e hōʻoia ana he paʻakikī lākou i ka wā e pono ai a ductile i ka wā e pono ai, ʻaʻole like me ka mea palupalu, maʻalahi ka hōʻino ʻia o ka wā ma mua. Eia kekahi, ke piʻi mau nei ka maʻemaʻe, me nā pae haumia i mālama ʻia i kahi pae haʻahaʻa loa.
ʻO ka lua, pono e uku ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano a me ke ʻano. Hoʻokau nā one zirconia hou i ka manaʻo nui i ke ʻano - ʻaʻole wale no nā hoʻokūkū nani, akā ma ke ʻano o ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana a me ka hoʻolaha nui. ʻO nā ʻāpana "coarse" angular ma mua, ʻaʻole like ka nui, he pōʻino no nā noi kikoʻī. I kēia manawa, ma o nā kaʻina hana paʻakikī e like me ka wili ʻana o ka ea a me ka hoʻokaʻawale centrifugal, hiki iā mākou ke hana i nā micropowders zirconia kokoke i ka poepoe me nā nui ʻāpana like loa. E hopu i kahi lima a manaʻo ʻia e like me ka palaoa maikaʻi loa, akā he kiʻekiʻe loa kona paʻakikī. Hāʻawi kēia ʻano like i nā pono nui: inā hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he uhi a i ʻole he abrasive, paʻa a like nā hopena, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopili like ʻole.
He mea ʻole ke kamaʻilio nui ʻana; pono e hoʻohana pono ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana. ʻO kēia mau mea hounā one zirconiai kēia manawa ua makemake nui ʻia ma nā ʻano hana like ʻole.
ʻO ka mea mua a me ka mea nui loa, he mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻolei pololei ʻana, ʻoiai no nā ʻāpana superalloy paʻakikī a lahilahi e like me nā pahi ʻenekini mokulele a me nā pahi turbine kinoea. Hiki i nā mahana hoʻolei ma luna o 1,000 degere Celsius, e kau ana i nā koi kiʻekiʻe loa ma luna o ka mea pūpū mold. Hāʻawi nā topcoats i hana ʻia me kēia one zirconia hou i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa a me kahi coefficient hoʻonui wela e kūlike ana. Hoʻomaikaʻi nui kēia i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka ʻili o nā mea hoʻolei, e hana ana i nā hemahema e like me ka pick-up one a me nā burrs i ʻike ʻole ʻia, e hōʻemi nui ana i ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻopau ʻana ma hope. ʻŌlelo nā mea hana lima akamai, "Ke hoʻohana nei i kēia one hou, he mea kupaianaha maoli ka hana!"
ʻO kekahi noi he kiʻekiʻewili a me ka hoʻowali ʻana. Pono kā mākou aniani kelepona paʻalima, aniani kāmela, a me nā wafers semiconductor like ʻole i nā ʻili laumania loa; ʻoiai ka ʻōpala liʻiliʻi loa e hopena i ka ʻōpala. ʻO ka zirconium oxide micropowder hou, me kona paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, ka nui o nā ʻāpana like, a me nā waiwai kemika a me nā mechanical maikaʻi loa, he wai hoʻopili maikaʻi loa ia. Hoʻomalu pololei ʻia ka wikiwiki o ka wehe ʻana, a he liʻiliʻi ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ke ʻōpala, e hoʻokō ana i kahi ʻili laumania maoli ma ka nanoscale a i ʻole ka pae atomika. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, manaʻo laumania ka pale o kāu kelepona mahalo iā ia.
Aia kekahi mau uhi pale wela. Pehea e hiki ai i nā ʻenekini aerospace a me nā turbine kinoea ke kū i kēlā mau mahana paʻakikī? Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi me kahi "ʻaʻahu insulation thermal." ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o kēia ʻaʻahu, ʻo ia nā keramika zirconium oxide. ʻO ke one zirconium oxide hou, me kona kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa pae, ʻo ia ke kumu maka no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i kēia mau pauka uhi kiʻekiʻe, e pili pono ana i ka pono o ka ʻenekini a me ke ola.
Eia kekahi, hiki ke loaʻa i loko o nā keramika kūkulu no nā kaiapuni ʻino, nā refractories holomua, a me nā biomaterials lapaʻau. Ke hoʻonui nei kāna mau noi.
I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei au e ʻoi aku ka laulā o ke ala no ke one zirconia hou. Me ka holomua wikiwiki ʻana i nā ʻoihana e like me ka photovoltaics, nā ʻāpana semiconductor, a me ka aerospace, e lilo wale ana nā koi hana no nā mea i mea koi nui ʻia. ʻO nā huahana one Zirconia me nā waiwai maʻemaʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka like, a me ka hana hiki ke hoʻomalu ʻia e hoʻomohala ʻia. Malia paha i kekahi lā, e ʻālohilohi ia ma nā wahi i hiki ʻole iā mākou ke noʻonoʻo i kēia manawa.
No laila, mai hoʻowahāwahā i kēia mau hua one liʻiliʻi. Loaʻa iā lākou ka naʻauao nui a hiki ke hoʻoikaika i nā ʻoihana nui. Aia ka waiwai o ka hana hou i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka hiki piha o kahi mea e hoʻokō ai i nā koi koi o ko kākou manawa.