Ke wehe nei i nā waiwai kūikawā a me nā manaʻolana noi o ka micropowder silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo
I ke kahua o nā mea ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe o kēia lā, ke lilo mālie nei ka silicon carbide micropowder ʻōmaʻomaʻo i mea nui o ka nānā ʻana i ke kaiāulu ʻepekema mea me kona mau waiwai kino a me ke kemika kū hoʻokahi. Ua hōʻike kēia hui i hana ʻia me nā mea kalapona a me silicon i nā manaʻolana noi ākea ma nā ʻoihana he nui ma muli o kona ʻano kristal kūikawā a me ka hana maikaʻi loa. E ʻimi hohonu kēia ʻatikala i nā waiwai kū hoʻokahi o ka silicon carbide micropowder ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me kona hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma nā ʻano like ʻole.
1. Nā ʻano kumu o ka micropowder silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo
ʻO ka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo (SiC) kahi mea paʻakikī synthetic a pili ia i kahi hui hoʻopaʻa covalent. Hōʻike kona ʻano kristal i kahi ʻōnaehana hexagonal me kahi hoʻonohonoho daimana. ʻO ka pauka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo e pili pinepine ana i nā huahana pauka me ka nui o nā ʻāpana o 0.1-100 microns, a hōʻike kona kala i nā ʻano leo like ʻole mai ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo māmā a i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele ma muli o ka maʻemaʻe a me ka haumia.
Mai ke ʻano microscopic, hoʻokumu kēlā me kēia ʻātoma silicon i loko o ke aniani silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo i kahi hoʻonohonoho tetrahedral me ʻehā mau ʻātoma kalapona. Hāʻawi kēia ʻano pilina covalent ikaika i ka mea i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe loa a me ke kūpaʻa kemika. He mea kūpono ke hoʻomaopopo ʻana ua hiki ka paʻakikī Mohs o ka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo i 9.2-9.3, ʻo ka lua wale nō i ka daimana a me ka cubic boron nitride, ka mea e lilo ai ia i mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia ma ke kahua o nā abrasives.
2. Nā waiwai kūikawā o ka micropowder silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo
1. Nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi loa
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona kaulana loa o ka micropowder silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻo ia kona paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe loa. Hiki i kona paʻakikī Vickers ke hiki i 2800-3300kg/mm², kahi e hana maikaʻi ai i ka wā e hana ai i nā mea paʻakikī. I ka manawa like, loaʻa i ka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka ikaika compressive maikaʻi a hiki ke mālama i ka ikaika mechanical kiʻekiʻe i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona e hiki ai ke hoʻohana iā ia i nā wahi koʻikoʻi.
2. Nā waiwai wela maikaʻi loa
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka conductivity thermal o ka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo he 120-200W/(m·K), ʻo ia hoʻi he 3-5 mau manawa o ke kila maʻamau. ʻO kēia conductivity thermal maikaʻi loa e lilo ia i mea hoʻoheheʻe wela kūpono. ʻO ka mea kupanaha hou aku, ʻo ke coefficient hoʻonui thermal o ka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo he 4.0 × 10⁻⁶/℃ wale nō, ʻo ia hoʻi he kūpaʻa dimensional maikaʻi loa ia i ka wā e loli ai ka mahana, a ʻaʻole e hana i ka deformation maopopo ma muli o ka hoʻonui thermal a me ka ʻūlū ʻana.
3. Paʻa kemika koʻikoʻi
Ma ke ʻano o nā waiwai kemika, hōʻike ka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka inertness ikaika loa. Hiki iā ia ke pale aku i ka pala o ka hapa nui o nā waikawa, alkalis a me nā hopena paʻakai, a hiki ke noho paʻa ʻoiai i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua hiki i ka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke mālama i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i loko o kahi kaiapuni oxidizing ma lalo o 1000 ℃, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻohana lōʻihi i nā kaiapuni corrosive.
4. Nā waiwai uila kūikawā
He mea semiconductor bandgap ākea ka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka laulā bandgap o 3.0eV, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka 1.1eV o ka silicon. Hiki i kēia hiʻohiʻona ke kū i nā voltages kiʻekiʻe a me nā mahana, a he mau pono kūikawā i ke kahua o nā mea uila mana. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i ka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo kahi neʻe electron kiʻekiʻe, e hiki ai ke hoʻomohala i nā mea hana alapine kiʻekiʻe.
3. Ke kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau o ka micropowder silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo
ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka micropowder silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo e hoʻohana nui i ke kaʻina hana Acheson. Hoʻohui kēia ʻano hana i ke one quartz a me ka petroleum coke ma kahi ʻāpana a hoʻomehana iā lākou i 2000-2500 ℃ i loko o kahi umu kū'ē no ka hopena. ʻO ka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo blocky i hana ʻia e ka hopena e hele i nā kaʻina hana e like me ka kuʻi ʻana, ka grading, a me ka pickling e loaʻa ai nā huahana micropowder o nā nui ʻāpana like ʻole.
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka holomua o ka ʻenehana, ua puka mai kekahi mau ʻano hoʻomākaukau hou. Hiki i ka Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) ke hoʻomākaukau i ka pauka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo nano-scale kiʻekiʻe; hiki i ke ʻano sol-gel ke hoʻomalu pololei i ka nui o nā ʻāpana a me ke ʻano o ka pauka; hiki i ke ʻano plasma ke hoʻokō i ka hana mau a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono o ka hana ʻana. Hāʻawi kēia mau kaʻina hana hou i nā hiki hou aʻe no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka noi o ka micropowder silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
4. Nā wahi noi nui o ka micropowder silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo
1. Ka wili pololei a me ka poli ʻana
Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopōʻino paʻakikī loa, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka pauka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka hana pololei o ka carbide cemented, keramika, aniani a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. I ka ʻoihana semiconductor, hoʻohana ʻia ka pauka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo kiʻekiʻe no ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā wafers silicon, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāna hana ʻoki ma mua o nā abrasives alumina kuʻuna. Ma ke kahua o ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana optical, hiki i ka pauka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke hoʻokō i ka ʻili nano-scale a hoʻokō i nā koi hana o nā ʻāpana optical kiʻekiʻe.
2. Nā mea keramika holomua
He mea maka koʻikoʻi ka pauka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā keramika hana kiʻekiʻe. Hiki ke hana ʻia nā keramika kūkulu me nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi loa a me ke kūpaʻa wela ma o ke kaomi wela ʻana a i ʻole nā kaʻina hana sintering reaction. Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia ʻano mea keramika i nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi e like me nā sila mechanical, nā bearings, a me nā nozzles, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā kūlana hana koʻikoʻi e like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana a me ka pala.
3. Nā mea uila a me nā mea hana semiconductor
Ma ke kahua o nā mea uila, hoʻohana ʻia ka pauka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo e hoʻomākaukau i nā mea semiconductor bandgap ākea. Loaʻa i nā mea hana mana e pili ana i ka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā ʻano hana alapine kiʻekiʻe, voltage kiʻekiʻe, a me ka mahana kiʻekiʻe, a hōʻike i ka hiki nui i nā kaʻa ikehu hou, nā grids akamai a me nā kahua ʻē aʻe. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina e hiki i nā mea hana mana silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke hōʻemi i ka pohō ikehu ma mua o 50% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea hana silicon kuʻuna.
4. Hoʻoikaika hui
ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka pauka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma ke ʻano he pae hoʻoikaika i kahi metala a i ʻole polymer matrix hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka ikaika, ka paʻakikī a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka mea composite. Ma ke kahua aerospace, hoʻohana ʻia nā composites silicon carbide i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka alumini e hana i nā ʻāpana kūkulu māmā a me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe; i ka ʻoihana kaʻa, hōʻike nā pads brake i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ka silicon carbide i ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe.
5. Nā mea hana a me nā uhi refractory
Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe o ka silicon carbide ʻōmaʻomaʻo, hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā mea refractory hana kiʻekiʻe. I ka ʻoihana hoʻoheheʻe kila, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā piliki refractory silicon carbide i nā lako wela kiʻekiʻe e like me nā umu pahū a me nā mea hoʻololi. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā uhi silicon carbide ke hāʻawi i ka pale maikaʻi loa i ka ʻaʻahu a me ka pala no ka mea kumu, a hoʻohana ʻia i nā lako kemika, nā pahi turbine a me nā kahua ʻē aʻe.